QES.Among the effects of design specifications on costs, which one of the following is the most significant that influences the producibility of end product?
(a) Standard
size (b) Large tolerance
(c) Breakeven
point (d) Cost estimate
Ans. (b)
Large Tolerances–
Among the effects of design
specifications on costs, tolerances and perhaps significant. Tolerances,
manufacturing processes, and surface finish are interrelated and influence the
producibility of the end product in many ways. Tolerances cover dimensional
variation and surface-roughness range and also the variation in mechanical
properties resulting from heat treatment and other processing operations.
Standard Sizes– The use of standard for stock sizes is first
principle of cost reduction. To ensure that standard of preffered sizes are
specified, designers must have access to stock lists of the materials they
employ.
Breakeven Points–
Sometimes it happens that, when two
or more design approaches as are compared for cost, the choice between the two
depends on a set of conditions such as the quantity of production, the speed of
the assembly lines, or some other condition. There than others and point
corresponding to equal cost, which is called break even point.
Cost Estimates– There are many ways of obtaining relative cost
figure so that two or more designs can be roughly compared Cost estimators can
be used, depending upon the application, such as area, volume, horsepower,
torque, speed and various performance ratio.
